Solidot: 为何黑猩猩的遗传多样性远胜人类

Solidot

奇客的资讯，重要的东西

为何黑猩猩的遗传多样性远胜人类
http://solidot.org.feedsportal.com/c/33236/f/556826/s/3300a08e/sc/21/l/0L0Ssolidot0Borg0Cstory0Dsid0F36997/story01.htm
Oct 28th 2013, 12:22

人类、倭黑猩猩和黑猩猩之间在遗传上非常相似，有98%的基因相同。但人类及其近亲之间存在显著的表型差异。科学家并不清楚造成这种现象的原因，认为仅仅靠研究DNA无法找到答案。科学家因此产生了倭黑猩猩和黑猩猩的诱导多能干细胞，研究其演化和发育，分析它们与人类干细胞的差异。根据发表在《自然》上的报告，研究人员观察到黑猩猩和人类之间相同基因的活跃模式存在差异。他们发现，人类诱导多能干细胞中有 1376个基因表达增加，而非人类诱导多能干细胞中有1042个基因增加表达，11585个基因表达水平没什么变化。研究显示，两种抑制转座子的基因在人类身上比倭黑猩猩或黑猩猩更活跃。转座子又叫跳跃基因，能在基因中随机插入DNA片段，如果它插入了重要基因干扰其表达，那么对细胞发育显然有害无益，所以细胞需要有抑制转座子活性的沉默子。这项发现或能解释为什么黑猩猩的基因变化比人类更大。This entry passed through the Full-Text RSS service — if this is your content and you're reading it on someone else's site, please read the FAQ at fivefilters.org/content-only/faq.php#publishers. Five Filters recommends: Massacres That Matter - Part 1 - 'Responsibility To Protect' In Egypt, Libya And SyriaMassacres That Matter - Part 2 - The Media Response On Egypt, Libya And SyriaNational demonstration: No attack on Syria - Saturday 31 August, 12 noon, Temple Place, London, UK



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